tail — output the last part of files
tail [OPTION...] [FILE...]
Print the last 10 lines of each FILE to standard output. With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name.
With no FILE, or when FILE is −, read standard input.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
−c, −−bytes=[/+]NUMoutput the last NUM bytes; or use −c +NUM to output starting with
byte NUM of each file
−f, −−follow[={name|descriptor}]output appended data as the file grows;
an absent option argument means 'descriptor'
−Fsame as −−follow=name/ −−retry
−n, −−lines=[/+]NUMoutput the last NUM lines, instead of the last 10;
or use −n +NUM to
output starting with line NUM
−−max−unchanged−stats=N/with −−follow=name/, reopen a FILE
which has not
changed size after N (default 5) iterations to see if it has been unlinked or renamed (this is the usual case of rotated log files); with inotify, this option is rarely useful
−−pid=PID/with −f, terminate
after process ID, PID dies
−q, −−quiet, −−silentnever output headers giving file names
−−retrykeep trying to open a file if it is inaccessible
−s, −−sleep−interval=N/with −f, sleep for
approximately N seconds (default 1.0) between
iterations; with inotify and −−pid=P/, check process P
at least once every N seconds
−v, −−verbosealways output headers giving file names
−z, −−zero−terminatedline delimiter is NUL, not newline
−−helpdisplay this help and exit
−−versionoutput version information and exit
NUM may have a multiplier suffix: b 512, kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, GB 1000*1000*1000, G 1024*1024*1024, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y. Binary prefixes can be used, too: KiB=K, MiB=M, and so on.
With −−follow
(−f), tail defaults to
following the file descriptor, which means that even if a
tail'ed file is renamed, tail will continue to track its end.
This default behavior is not desirable when you really want
to track the actual name of the file, not the file descriptor
(e.g., log rotation). Use −−follow=name/ in that case. That
causes tail to track the named file in a way that
accommodates renaming, removal and creation.
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/tail>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) tail invocation'
| COPYRIGHT |
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Copyright © 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. |