ioctl_ficlonerange, ioctl_ficlone — share some the data of one file with another file
#include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <linux/fs.h>
int
ioctl( |
int dest_fd, |
| FICLONERANGE, | |
struct file_clone_range *arg); |
int
ioctl( |
int dest_fd, |
| FICLONE, | |
int src_fd); |
If a filesystem supports files sharing physical storage
between multiple files ("reflink"), this ioctl(2) operation can be
used to make some of the data in the src_fd file appear in the
dest_fd file by
sharing the underlying storage, which is faster than making a
separate physical copy of the data. Both files must reside
within the same filesystem. If a file write should occur to a
shared region, the filesystem must ensure that the changes
remain private to the file being written. This behavior is
commonly referred to as "copy on write".
This ioctl reflinks up to src_length bytes from file
descriptor src_fd at
offset src_offset
into the file dest_fd
at offset dest_offset, provided that
both are files. If src_length is zero, the ioctl
reflinks to the end of the source file. This information is
conveyed in a structure of the following form:
struct file_clone_range { __s64 src_fd;__u64 src_offset;__u64 src_length;__u64 dest_offset;};
Clones are atomic with regards to concurrent writes, so no locks need to be taken to obtain a consistent cloned copy.
The FICLONE ioctl
clones entire files.
Error codes can be one of, but are not limited to, the following:
src_fd is
not open for reading; dest_fd is not open for
writing or is open for append-only writes; or the
filesystem which src_fd resides on does
not support reflink.
The filesystem does not support reflinking the ranges of the given files. This error can also appear if either file descriptor represents a device, FIFO, or socket. Disk filesystems generally require the offset and length arguments to be aligned to the fundamental block size. XFS and Btrfs do not support overlapping reflink ranges in the same file.
One of the files is a directory and the filesystem does not support shared regions in directories.
This can appear if the filesystem does not support reflinking either file descriptor, or if either file descriptor refers to special inodes.
dest_fd is
immutable.
One of the files is a swap file. Swap files cannot share storage.
dest_fd and
src_fd are not
on the same mounted filesystem.
These ioctl operations first appeared in Linux 4.5. They
were previously known as BTRFS_IOC_CLONE and BTRFS_IOC_CLONE_RANGE, and were private to
Btrfs.
Because a copy-on-write operation requires the allocation of new storage, the fallocate(2) operation may unshare shared blocks to guarantee that subsequent writes will not fail because of lack of disk space.